Snakes have conjured up images of danger since ancient times. The Biblical story of Adam and Eve being expelled from Eden was because they were deceived by a serpent. Even today, people have a tendency to run from, or kill even the non-venomous species.

This snake is harmless

Mistaken Identity

Chief Ranger Brad Thomas at York River State Park, and I were at our desk doing some sort of paperwork when a couple of park guests came into the Visitor Center fearing they saw a venomous cottonmouth in the parking area. At worst, I imagined it would turn out to be its pit-viper kindred copperhead. Except for a population in nearby Newport News Park, cottonmouths (aka water moccasins) are found only in the far southeastern cities and counties below the James River. We discovered the snake in question did have a white belly as told to us by the guest. But the body was a shiny black: it was a non-venomous rat snake.

Stay clear of the copperhead

What to look for

There are only three venomous species of snakes in Virginia. Of these, the copperhead is found statewide. The timber rattlesnake is found in the Blue Ridge and westward with an eastern population, sometimes called the cane-break rattlesnake, found in the same haunts as the cottonmouth. All three are in the family of pit-vipers. They have triangular shaped heads, two small sensory pits in the front of the head, and cat's eye pupils. If you see a snake without these characteristics, chances are it is non venomous.

Ranger Brad with a harmless black snake

Respect the serpents

Even though a snake may be non-venomous, it doesn't mean one should feel free to handle or harass them. Northern water and rat snakes strike quickly when cornered and will draw blood. Some species give off a foul odor to ward off attackers. These are wild creatures that prefer to be left alone. The best thing to do when you encounter a snake is to give it plenty of room to go about its business. Not even venomous snakes go out of their way to attack humans as we are not on their menu. Most often, it will slither away. If need be, call a ranger to assist with removing and relocating it.

The bad reputation

Snakes have a bad reputation, whether they are venomous or not. Keep a safe distance, give them space and take a photo and share it with us on the Virginia State Parks Facebook page here if you need further help identifying it.

Directions to York River State Park: From I-64, take the Croaker Exit 231B. Go north on Route 607 (Croaker Rd.) for one mile, then right on Route 606 (Riverview Rd.) about one and a half miles to the park entrance. Take a left turn into the park.